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One Key-Personnel Argument, Two December Rulings, Opposite Results

The key-personnel-unavailability argument is now used both ways. Two December 2025 decisions show the line.

Sediment Research · May 2026

The "key personnel became unavailable before award" argument is used by protesters against awardees and by agencies against protesters. Two GAO decisions two weeks apart in December 2025 split on one fact.

The argument landed

  • B-423301 (Dec 5, 2025): the protester “does not dispute the assertion that the firm knew that [its proposed key person] was unavailable prior to the agency’s award.” Its proposal was unacceptable, leaving it without standing to protest.

The same argument failed

  • B-423774 (Dec 19, 2025): the awardee’s program manager “accepted employment with another firm” between quotation and award, but “expressly stated [he] was not closing the door,” and his availability was “confirmed by his execution of a non-contingent agreement following notification of award.” GAO held the facts “do not mandate the conclusion ... that [the awardee] ‘lost access’” before award.

The fact between them: a person known to be actually unavailable sinks the proposal; a person who stayed committed does not.

The volume is real: the argument appears in 16 corpus decisions from 2022 through 2026, up from 4 through 2018. These two December rulings illustrate the dividing line within that rise, not a base rate. A structural sample of opinion-bearing decisions, not a census.


The corpus baseline behind this note is Three Patterns Across Decades.

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